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Updated: November 16, 2021
Interested in $10 corn and $30 soybeans for certified organic, but not sure how to transition?
Organic grain production is promoted for greater potential profits with premium grain prices, improved soil health with organic inputs and fewer environmental hazards in the absence of synthetic chemical use. However, the three-year period required for organic certification is a challenging phase when transitioning farmers are learning to do without synthetic chemical manage soil fertility, weeds, diseases and pests, while not yet receiving those attractive premium prices (Delate and Cambardella, 2004). Organic grain production, if done regeneratively, may reduce environmental impacts and increase ecosystem services from agriculture. Among the latter, minimization of nutrient loss to water is especially important in Maryland, since a good deal of the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution to the Chesapeake Bay comes from agriculture (2025 Watershed Implementation Plans (WIPs)). However, the change in environmental impacts due to the transition from “conventional” to organic farming could be either positive or negative (Bavec and Bavec, 2015), depending on the system of practices (inputs, soil disturbance, soil cover, etc.) utilized in the conventional and organic systems (Röös et al., 2018).
Updated: November 16, 2021
Slug Damage to Soybeans—Do Cover Crops Help or Hurt?
Reports of slug damage to emerging soybean seedlings (Glycine max) have increased in recent years, though their activity is highly variable from field to field, and within a field from year to year. Spring, 2021 weather was both cool and wet, conditions that many slug species find ideal. Slug eggs overwinter in the soil, hatch in the spring, and the juvenile slugs can begin causing damage to crops in just a week’s time after hatching (Hammond et al. 2009).
Updated: November 16, 2021
Effect of foliar fungicides on frogeye leaf spot on the Maryland Eastern Shore, 2020
Trials were established at the Wye Research and Education Center in Queenstown, MD in 2020 to assess the efficacy of select fungicides for the suppression of foliar diseases of soybean.
Updated: November 16, 2021
Effect of foliar fungicides on frogeye leaf spot management in Northwestern Maryland, 2020
Trials were established at the Western Maryland Research and Education Center in Keedysville, MD in 2020 to assess the efficacy of select fungicides for the suppression of foliar diseases of soybean.
Updated: October 12, 2021
September Grain Market Summary
September Grain Market Summary
Updated: September 3, 2021
Symptoms of Stem Diseases Developing in Soybean
As soybeans begin the pod fill growth stages, heat and drought stresses can trigger the development of many disease symptoms. Currently we are seeing many instances of stem diseases in soybean. Many pathogens are associated with stem diseases in soybean, and many produce very similar foliar symptoms, which is why diagnosis from foliar symptoms alone typically leads to a misdiagnosis. Submit questionable samples to the UMD Plant Diagnostic Lab for proper identification. Common soybean stem diseases and their symptoms/signs are outlined below.
Updated: September 3, 2021
September IPM Insect Scouting Tips
Soybeans: Continue scouting for corn earworm, stink bugs, and soybean looper in double-crop fields. Defoliation thresholds at R5 are 15% and between 20 and 30% at R6. Corn earworm pheromone trapping information for Maryland can be found at https://extension.umd.edu/resource/corn-earworm-pheromone-trapping. NC State Extension has a good CEW threshold calculator can be used to help decide if it is worth treating: https://www.ces.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/CEW-calculator-v0.006.html. Stink bug thresholds are 5 bugs per 15 sweeps until the soybeans reach the R7 stage, after which treatment for stink bugs is not necessary.
Updated: August 20, 2021
Corn Earworm Pheromone Trapping
Current corn earworm pheromone trap captures in Maryland and Delaware and pest management recommendations.
Updated: August 19, 2021
Herbicide Spray Tank Check Charts for Corn and Soybean
As planting gets underway, it is important to stay on top of our most troublesome weeds. In particular, marestail/horseweed, common ragweed, and Palmer amaranth. Below are two new charts to help determine the type of products to be included in the tank mix to best manage these weeds in corn and soybean.
Updated: August 5, 2021
How bad is bad? Soybean defoliation and new tools for assessing it
As soybean plants mature, tolerance for defoliating pests drops from about 30-35% during the vegetative stages to closer to 15-20% during the reproductive stages (flowering and pod fill). Any defoliation can look worrying, but it is hard to accurately measure defoliation. Most people tend to overestimate damage in three ways: overestimating the leaf area lost, not taking the full plant canopy into consideration, and not sampling the field randomly. Luckily, there are some great new tools to help you measure accurately and train your eye. Accurate measurement is the key to avoiding unnecessary treatments, saving you money, time, and preserving beneficials.
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